Solar Waste Management in Malaysia: Sustainability Challenges and Solutions

Abstract

As solar energy adoption accelerates in Malaysia, the need for a robust photovoltaic (PV) waste management framework becomes increasingly critical. This paper investigates the economic and technological viability of high-value recycling systems for PV waste, alongside strategies for integrating PV waste management into existing e-waste policies. Drawing on international practices, such as Japan’s EOL roadmap and the European WEEE Directive, the study highlights the importance of proactive measures to mitigate environmental risks and harness economic opportunities. Findings reveal that without proper management, Malaysia risks significant environmental and economic losses from unrecycled PV waste. However, adopting circular economy principles, fostering public-private collaborations, and leveraging lessons from global pioneers can pave the way for a sustainable and resilient PV waste management system. Recommendations emphasize the urgent need for policy alignment, R&D investment, and awareness campaigns to establish Malaysia as a leader in renewable energy sustainability.